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Armenians in Azerbaijan
Armenians in Azerbaijan are the Armenians who lived in great numbers in the modern state of Azerbaijan and its precursor, Soviet Azerbaijan. According to the statistics, about 400,000 Armenians lived in Soviet Azerbaijan in 1989.〔Memorandum from the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights to John D. Evans, Resource Information Center, 13 June 1993.〕〔"Implementation of the Helsinki Accords: Human Rights and Democratization in the Newly Independent States of the former Soviet Union" (Washington, DC: U.S. Congress, Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, January 1993), p. 118.〕 Most of the Armenian-Azerbaijanis however had to flee the republic, like Azeris in Armenia, in the events leading up to the Nagorno-Karabakh War, a result of the ongoing Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict. Atrocities directed against the Armenian population have reportedly taken place in Sumgait (February 1988), Ganja (Kirovabad, November 1988) and Baku (January 1990). Today the vast majority of Armenians in Azerbaijan live in territory controlled by the break-away region Nagorno-Karabakh (120,700 as of 1999 Azerbaijani official statistics)〔(Demographic indicators: Population by ethnic groups )〕〔(Assessment for Armenians in Azerbaijan, Minorities At Risk Project )〕 which declared its unilateral act of independence in 1991 under the name Nagorno-Karabakh Republic but has not been recognised by any country, including Armenia.
Non-official sources estimate that the number Armenians living on Azerbaijani territory outside Nagorno-Karabakh is around 2,000 to 3,000, and almost exclusively comprises persons married to Azeris or of mixed Armenian-Azeri descent.〔(Этнический состав Азербайджана (по переписи 1999 года) ) 〕 The number of Armenians who are likely not married to Azeris and are not of mixed Armenian-Azeri descent are estimated at 645 (36 men and 609 women) and more than half (378 or 59 per cent of Armenians in Azerbaijan outside Nagorno-Karabakh) live in Baku and the rest in rural areas. They are likely to be the elderly and sick, and probably have no other family members.〔〔(Definitions of national identity, nationalism and ethnicity in post-Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1990s )〕〔(European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI), Second Report on Azerbaijan, CRI(2007)22, May 24, 2007 )〕 Armenians in Azerbaijan are at a great risk as long as the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict remains unsettled.〔(University of Maryland Center for International Development and Conflict Management. Minorities at Risk: Assessment of Armenians in Azerbaijan, Online Report, 2004 )〕〔Razmik Panossian. The Armenians. Columbia University Press, 2006; p. 281〕〔Mario Apostolov. The Christian-Muslim Frontier. Routledge, 2004; p. 67〕〔Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. 2001〕〔Barbara Larkin. International Religious Freedom (2000): Report to Congress by the Department of State. DIANE Publishing, 2001; p. 256〕
In Azerbaijan, the status of Armenians is precarious.〔Azerbaijan: The status of Armenians, Russians, Jews and other minorities, report, 1993, INS Resource Information Center, p. 10〕 Armenian churches remain closed, because of the large outmigration of Armenians and fear of Azeri attacks.〔United States Department of State, Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 1992 (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, February 1993), p. 708〕
==History==
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